Philosophy 6: Logic in Practice

Pierce College

Department of History, Philosophy, & Sociology

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Midterm Review

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Chapter One: 

 

Contradictions

 

Paradoxes

 

Oxymorons

 

Using vs. Mentioning Words

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Chapter Two:

 

Intension

 

Extension

 

Connotation

 

Vagueness

 

Ambiguity

 

Semantic Ambiguity

 

Syntactic Ambiguity

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Chapter Three:

 

Arbitrary Stipulative Definitions

 

Restrictive Stipulative Definitions

 

Reportive Definitions

 

Synonym Definitions

 

Example Definitions

 

Avoid Circular Definitions

 

Avoid Definitions that are Too Broad

 

Avoid Definitions that are Too Narrow

 

Avoid Unhelpful Metaphorical Definitions

 

Avoid Definitions that are Loaded

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Chapter Four:

 

How to Handle Factual Disagreements

 

How to Handle Verbal Disagreements

 

How to Handle Interpretive Disagreements

 

How to Handle Evaluative Disagreements

 

Determine if Evidence is Relevant

 

Determine if Evidence Adequate

 

Determine and Evaluate Alternative Arguments

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Chapter Five:

 

Argument to the Person Personal

 

Argument to the Person Circumstantial

 

Argument to the Person You Yourself

 

Argument from Authority

 

Argument from Force

 

Appeal to Pity

 

Straw Person Fallacy

 

Poisoning the Well

 

Slippery Slope

 

Gambler's Fallacy

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Chapter Six:

 

Fallacy of Sweeping Generalization / Accident

 

Fallacy of Sweeping Generalization / Hasty Generalization

 

Fallacy of Sweeping Generalization / Converse Accident

 

Begging the Question

 

Complex Question

 

Argument from Ignorance

 

Argument to the Masses

 

False Cause

 

Irrelevant Conclusion